Notations
| Notation | Meaning |
|---|
| A,B,C | capital letters represent matrices |
| u,v,w | lowercase letters represent vectors |
| AA$$ of size m×nor(m×n)$ | matrix AA has mm rows and nn columns |
| AT | the transpose of matrix AA |
| vT | the transpose of vector vv |
| A−1 | the inverse of matrix AA |
| det(A) | the determinant of matrix A |
| AB | matrix multiplication of matrices AA and BB |
| u⋅v;<u,v> | dot product of vectors uu and vv |
| R | the set of real numbers, e.g. 0,−0.642,2,3.4560,−0.642,2,3.456 |
| R2 | the set of two-dimensional vectors, e.g. v=[13]Tv=[13]T |
| Rn | the set of nn-dimensional vectors |
| v∈R2 | vector vv is an element of R2R2 |
| ∣v∣ 1 | L1-norm of a vector |
| ∣v∣2∣; ∣v∣; ∥v∥ | L2-norm of a vector |
| T:R2→R3; T(v)=w | transformation TT of a vector v∈R2v∈R2 into the vector w∈R3w∈R3 |